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Parts and parameters

Information-oriented. Look things up here; don't read it cover to cover.

What's in the CoreBox

Cube modules

ComponentKey dataUsed for
45° mirror cube (2×)fixed, front-surface mirrorFolding the beam 90° (periscope, view from above)
50 mm lens cube (2×)converging, f = +50 mm (+20 dpt)Magnifier, projector lens, infinity objective, eyepiece, condenser
100 mm lens cubeconverging, f = +100 mm (+10 dpt)Telescope objective, tube lens
−50 mm lens cubediverging, f = −50 mm (−20 dpt)Galilean eyepiece
Eyepiece cubeRamsden type (two identical plano-convex lenses)Comfortable viewing by eye
Z-stage cube25 mm travel, geared fine drive, 2× RMS thread (5 mm offset)Focusing the objective
Sample holder cubemagnetic clamping for standard 76 × 26 mm slidesHolding samples
Smartphone holderuniversal, adjustablePhone as camera
✏️ TODO — Benedict

Missing numbers to fill in: Ramsden eyepiece focal length / magnification, mirror substrate/coating, Z-stage gear ratio (mm per revolution), lens diameters.

Optics & accessories

ComponentKey dataUsed for
Objective lens4× / NA 0.10, finite (160 mm), RMS threadThe "real" microscope objective
Torch + holderfocusable head, multiple modes (use constant max!)Transmitted-light illumination
Puzzle base plates (10×)click connection, top & bottom mountingStable setups
Prepared samples (2×) + blank slidein sample boxReady-to-view specimens + DIY
Tweezers, pipettesample-prep kitMake your own slides
Calibration ruler / scale0.1 mm divisionsMagnification calibration
M3 screwdriver, lens clothAssembly, lens care
QR-code cardLinks to this documentation
✏️ TODO — Benedict

Confirm against the production box: exact prepared-sample types, ruler divisions, torch battery type (3× AAA?), cover slips included or not.

Focal-length quick facts

LensfPowerMagnifier magnification (250 mm/f)Flip distance when used as loupe
50 mm lens+50 mm+20 dpt~5 cm
100 mm lens+100 mm+10 dpt2.5×~10 cm
−50 mm lens−50 mm−20 dpt— (never magnifies)
4× objective≈ +32 mm (TODO: confirm)≈ +31 dpt≈ 8×~3 cm

Formulas used in these pages

FormulaMeaningWhere
1f=1g+1b\frac{1}{f} = \frac{1}{g} + \frac{1}{b}thin-lens equation (object distance gg, image distance bb)How images form
M=bgM = \frac{b}{g}lateral magnification of a projected imageprojector
M=250mmfM = \frac{250\,\text{mm}}{f}magnifier (loupe) magnification vs. the 250 mm near pointmagnifier, eyepiece
M=fobjectivefeyepieceM = \frac{f_\text{objective}}{f_\text{eyepiece}}telescope angular magnificationtelescopes
Mobj=ftubefobjectiveM_\text{obj} = \frac{f_\text{tube}}{f_\text{objective}}infinity-corrected objective magnificationmicroscope
Mtotal=MobjMeyepieceM_\text{total} = M_\text{obj} \cdot M_\text{eyepiece}microscope total magnificationmicroscope
1fcombo=1f1+1f2\frac{1}{f_\text{combo}} = \frac{1}{f_1} + \frac{1}{f_2}thin lenses in contactmeasuring −50 mm
dminλ2NAd_\text{min} \approx \frac{\lambda}{2\,\text{NA}}resolution limitmicroscope
D=1f[m]D = \frac{1}{f[\text{m}]}optical power in dioptresglasses, lens comparison

Standard values worth knowing

ValueNumber
Near point ("clear visual range")250 mm
DIN finite tube length160 mm
Standard cover-slip thickness0.17 mm
Standard slide size76 × 26 × 1 mm
Tube-lens focal lengths of major brandsZeiss 165 mm, Nikon/Leica 200 mm, Olympus 180 mm
Green light wavelength (for resolution estimates)≈ 550 nm
CoreBox 4×/0.1 resolution limit≈ 2.8 µm
UC2 cube pitch50 mm

Pre-computed setups

SetupRecipeResult
Projector50 mm lens, sample at g = 60 mmimage at b = 300 mm, M = 5×
Galilean telescope100 mm + (−50 mm), spacing 50 mm2×, upright
Kepler telescope100 mm + 50 mm, spacing 150 mm2×, inverted
Infinity microscope50 mm objective + 100 mm tube lens + 50 mm eyepiece2 × 5 = 10×
Finite microscope4× objective + Ramsden eyepiece4 × (TODO eyepiece)

Care

  • Clean lenses only with the supplied lens cloth (or lens tissue); never dry-rub grit over glass.
  • Store dry; dry any part that got wet before packing.
  • Torch: remove/charge batteries before long storage; check before class (teacher checklist).